Tummy Tuck in Las Vegas
Transform Your Midsection with Expert Care
Medically Reviewed by: Dr. W. Tracy Hankins, MD, FACS & Dr. Samuel M. Sohn, MD Board-Certified Plastic Surgeons
Last Updated: September 18, 2025
Next Review Date: March 18, 2026
Are you struggling with loose, sagging skin around your midsection that won’t respond to diet and exercise? A tummy tuck, medically known as abdominoplasty, offers a transformative solution for Las Vegas residents seeking to restore a flatter, more contoured abdomen. At Hankins & Sohn Plastic Surgery Associates, our board-certified plastic surgeons Dr. W. Tracy Hankins and Dr. Samuel M. Sohn combine over 45 years of combined surgical experience with state-of-the-art techniques to help you achieve your aesthetic goals.
Whether you’re dealing with the effects of pregnancy, significant weight loss, or natural aging, a tummy tuck procedure can address excess skin, stubborn fat deposits, and weakened abdominal muscles to create the smooth, toned midsection you desire.
- What Is a Tummy Tuck?
- Meet Your Las Vegas Tummy Tuck Surgeons
- Benefits of Tummy Tuck Surgery
- Patient Success Stories
- Am I a Candidate for Tummy Tuck Surgery?
- Types of Tummy Tuck Procedures
- The Tummy Tuck Procedure: What to Expect
- Tummy Tuck Recovery and Healing
- Combining Tummy Tuck with Other Procedures
- Tummy Tuck Results: What You Can Expect
- Tummy Tuck Cost in Las Vegas
- Tummy Tuck Safety and Risks
- Tummy Tuck Revision and Touch-Up Procedures
- Maintaining Your Tummy Tuck Results
- Frequently Asked Questions
What Is a Tummy Tuck?
A tummy tuck, or abdominoplasty, is a comprehensive cosmetic surgery procedure designed to remove excess skin and fat from the abdominal area while tightening the underlying abdominal muscles. This body contouring technique goes beyond what diet and exercise can achieve, addressing structural changes that occur due to pregnancy, weight fluctuations, or aging.
During the procedure, performed under general anesthesia in our accredited surgery center, your plastic surgeon makes a carefully placed incision along the lower abdomen, typically hidden below the underwear line. The excess skin is removed, abdominal muscles are tightened through sutures, and the remaining skin is repositioned for a smoother, firmer appearance. The belly button may also be repositioned to maintain natural proportions. “The tummy tuck procedure is one of the most rewarding surgeries we perform because it addresses multiple concerns simultaneously – excess skin, stubborn fat, and muscle separation – giving patients dramatic, life-changing results,” notes Dr. Hankins, who graduated magna cum laude from Davidson College and earned his medical degree from Indiana University School of Medicine, where he was inducted into the Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society.
Meet Your Las Vegas Tummy Tuck Surgeons
Dr. W. Tracy Hankins, MD, FACS
Board-Certified Plastic Surgeon | 25+ Years Experience
Dr. Hankins brings over 25 years of plastic surgery expertise to every tummy tuck procedure. His comprehensive training and dedication to excellence have made him one of Las Vegas’s most trusted plastic surgeons.
Education & Training:
- Medical Degree: Indiana University School of Medicine (Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society, 1994)
- General Surgery Residency: Blodgett Memorial Medical Center
- Plastic Surgery Residency: Grand Rapids Area Medical Education Consortium (GRAMEC), graduated 1999
Professional Credentials:
- Board-Certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery
- Fellow of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)
- Associate Clinical Professor of Plastic Surgery, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine
- Distinguished Member of multiple professional organizations
Specialized Experience:
- Over 25 years performing abdominoplasty procedures
- Expertise in complex body contouring and revision surgeries
- Advanced training in minimally invasive techniques
- Regular lecturer on surgical techniques and technologies
Dr. Samuel M. Sohn, MD
Board-Certified & Fellowship-Trained Plastic Surgeon
Dr. Sohn is one of the few fellowship-trained plastic surgeons in Las Vegas, having completed an additional year of rigorous aesthetic surgery training beyond his plastic surgery residency.
Education & Training:
- Medical Degree: Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 2001
- General Surgery Residency: Spectrum Health
- Plastic Surgery Residency: Grand Rapids Area Medical Education Consortium (GRAMEC)
- Aesthetic Surgery Fellowship: Advanced cosmetic techniques training
Professional Credentials:
- Board-Certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery
- Member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons
- Published researcher in peer-reviewed plastic surgery journals
- Active in continuing medical education and advanced technique training
Research & Publications:
Dr. Sohn has contributed to medical literature with publications in respected journals including the Journal of Plastic Surgery, demonstrating his commitment to advancing the field through evidence-based practice.
The Benefits of Tummy Tuck Surgery
Abdominoplasty offers numerous advantages for patients seeking to improve their abdominal contour:
Physical Benefits
- Removes excess skin that cannot be eliminated through diet and exercise
- Eliminates stubborn fat deposits resistant to traditional weight loss methods
- Tightens separated abdominal muscles (diastasis recti) commonly caused by pregnancy
- Improves posture by strengthening the core muscle structure
- Reduces back pain associated with weakened abdominal muscles
Emotional and Lifestyle Benefits
- Creates a flatter, more defined waistline
- Enhances self-confidence and body image
- Expands clothing options with improved fit and comfort
- Increases comfort in swimwear and form-fitting garments
- Motivates healthy lifestyle choices to maintain results
- Improves quality of life through increased physical comfort1
Peer-reviewed data show very high patient satisfaction after abdominoplasty. In a prospective study of 360 patients in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, overall satisfaction averaged ~89%, while the combined lipo-abdominoplasty group reported ~99% satisfaction and near-universal willingness to recommend the procedure.
Patient Success Stories
“Dr. Hankins transformed not just my body, but my confidence. After two pregnancies, I thought I’d never feel comfortable in my own skin again. The tummy tuck procedure exceeded my expectations, and the entire team made me feel supported throughout my journey.” – Sarah M., Las Vegas
“I researched plastic surgeons for months before choosing Dr. Sohn. His fellowship training and attention to detail were evident from our first consultation. My results are exactly what I hoped for – natural-looking and beautifully contoured.” – Jennifer K., Henderson
“The professionalism and care I received at Hankins & Sohn was exceptional. Dr. Hankins took time to explain every aspect of the procedure, and his 25+ years of experience gave me complete confidence.” – Maria L., Las Vegas
Am I a Candidate for Tummy Tuck Surgery?
Ideal candidates for abdominoplasty share several characteristics that contribute to successful outcomes:
Physical Qualifications
- Stable weight maintained for at least 12 months
- Good overall health with no underlying medical conditions that impair healing
- Realistic expectations about surgical outcomes and recovery
- Non-smoker or willing to quit smoking 4 weeks before and after surgery2
- Completed childbearing (recommended but not required)
When to Consider Waiting
- Active weight loss phase (wait until weight stabilizes)
- Planning future pregnancies
- Recent major surgery or medical treatment
- Unrealistic expectations about results or recovery
Common Concerns Addressed
- Loose, hanging skin following pregnancy or weight loss
- Stretch marks on the lower abdomen
- Separated abdominal muscles (diastasis recti)
- Stubborn fat deposits that don’t respond to diet and exercise
- Weakened core strength affecting posture and comfort
During your initial consultation at our Las Vegas or Henderson office, our plastic surgeons will evaluate your individual anatomy, discuss your aesthetic goals, and determine if abdominoplasty is the right choice for your needs.
Types of Tummy Tuck Procedures
Not all tummy tucks are the same. We offer several abdominoplasty techniques tailored to address different levels of correction:
Mini Tummy Tuck (Mini-Abdominoplasty)
Best suited for patients with minimal excess skin below the belly button, a mini tummy tuck involves a smaller incision and shorter recovery time. This procedure:
- Addresses only the lower abdomen
- Requires a smaller incision similar to a C-section scar
- Involves minimal muscle tightening
- Offers faster recovery compared to full abdominoplasty
- Ideal for patients with good skin elasticity above the navel
Extended Tummy Tuck
For patients with excess skin extending to the flanks and lower back, an extended abdominoplasty offers comprehensive body contouring:
- Addresses the abdomen, flanks, and lower back
- Requires a longer incision extending around the hips
- Provides 360-degree body contouring
- Ideal for patients following massive weight loss
- May be combined with other body contouring procedures
Full Tummy Tuck (Complete Abdominoplasty)
The most comprehensive option, a full tummy tuck addresses the entire abdominal area from the ribcage to the pubic region:
- Removes excess skin above and below the belly button
- Tightens abdominal muscles from top to bottom
- Repositions the belly button for natural appearance
- Provides maximum correction for significant skin laxity
- Often combined with liposuction for enhanced contouring
Circumferential Tummy Tuck (Lower Body Lift)
The most extensive option, a circumferential tummy tuck addresses excess skin around the entire torso:
- Removes skin from the abdomen, flanks, buttocks, and thighs
- Requires incisions around the entire circumference of the body
- Provides comprehensive lower body rejuvenation
- Typically reserved for post-bariatric surgery patients
- Requires extended recovery time and specialized aftercare
“Each patient’s anatomy is unique, which is why we offer multiple tummy tuck techniques. During consultation, we carefully assess your specific needs to recommend the approach that will deliver your desired results,” explains Dr. Sohn, whose fellowship training in aesthetic surgery provides advanced expertise in complex body contouring procedures.
Planning Your Tummy Tuck Procedure*
Average Procedure Time:
2 hours
Average Recovery Time:
2 – 4 weeks
Post-Op Consultation:
3 months
*Your treatment plan at Hankins & Sohn Plastic Surgery Associates will be customized to meet your needs and your individual experience will vary depending on a number of factors. All information provided on this page is an estimate of typical time and cost and does not represent an offer or guarantee of pricing or availability. Please schedule a consultation appointment to discuss which options may apply to you.
The Tummy Tuck Procedure: What to Expect
Understanding the surgical process helps patients prepare mentally and physically for their transformation:
Pre-Operative Preparation
- Comprehensive medical evaluation and lab work
- Detailed discussion of goals and expectations
- Pre-operative instructions including medication adjustments
- Arrangement for post-operative care and transportation
- Final surgical planning and marking
Day of Surgery
Your tummy tuck procedure typically takes 2-4 hours, depending on the extent of correction needed:
1. Anesthesia Administration: General anesthesia administered by board-certified anesthesiologist
2. Incision Placement: Strategic incision placement to minimize visible scarring
3. Muscle Repair: Tightening of separated or weakened abdominal muscles
4. Skin and Fat Removal: Careful removal of excess tissue for optimal contouring
5. Skin Repositioning: Smooth repositioning of remaining skin for natural appearance
6. Incision Closure: Meticulous closure techniques to promote optimal healing
Immediate Post-Operative Care
- Recovery in our accredited surgery center with professional monitoring
- Pain management protocols for optimal comfort
- Compression garment application to support healing
- Detailed discharge instructions and follow-up scheduling
- 24/7 access to our medical team for any concerns
Tummy Tuck Recovery and Healing
Recovery from abdominoplasty is a gradual process that requires patience and adherence to post-operative instructions:
First Week
- Rest and limited mobility with assistance for daily activities
- Pain medication as prescribed for comfort management
- Compression garment worn continuously to reduce swelling
- Drain care if surgical drains are placed
- Follow-up appointment for initial healing assessment
Weeks 2-4
- Gradual return to light activities and desk work
- Continued compression garment use during waking hours
- Progressive walking to promote circulation and healing
- Avoidance of heavy lifting or strenuous exercise
- Scar care initiation with recommended products
Months 2-3
- Return to normal exercise routine with surgeon approval
- Significant reduction in swelling and bruising
- Improved comfort and mobility
- Initial results becoming more apparent
- Continued scar maturation and improvement
Long-Term Recovery
According to data from various plastic surgery sources, most patients begin to see their tummy tuck results stabilize around 6-12 months post-surgery. Scarring tends to fade significantly over this period, with further refinement possible up to 12 months or beyond, depending on individual healing and scar-care practices.3,4
Recovery Tips for Optimal Results
- Follow all post-operative instructions precisely
- Maintain a stable weight through healthy lifestyle choices
- Protect incision sites from sun exposure
- Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments
- Communicate any concerns promptly with your surgical team
Combining Tummy Tuck with Other Procedures
Many patients choose to combine abdominoplasty with complementary procedures for comprehensive body rejuvenation:
Mommy Makeover
A mommy makeover is popular combination addressing post-pregnancy body changes:
- Tummy tuck to restore abdominal contour
- Breast augmentation or breast lift to rejuvenate breast appearance
- Liposuction for additional body contouring
- Coordinated recovery timeline for optimal results
Body Contouring Package
For patients seeking comprehensive transformation:
- Abdominoplasty with extended techniques
- Liposuction of flanks and back
- Thigh lift or arm lift procedures
- Brazilian butt lift for enhanced curves
Tummy Tuck Results: What You Can Expect
Abdominoplasty delivers dramatic, long-lasting improvements in abdominal contour and overall body silhouette:
Immediate Results
- Flatter, firmer abdominal profile
- Improved waistline definition
- Enhanced clothing fit and comfort
- Increased confidence in appearance
Long-Term Outcomes
Long-term follow-up studies show that abdominoplasty results can remain stable for many years, particularly when patients maintain a healthy lifestyle and stable weight.5
Factors Affecting Results
- Surgical technique and surgeon experience
- Patient anatomy and skin quality
- Post-operative care adherence
- Lifestyle factors including diet and exercise
- Genetic factors affecting healing and aging
View our comprehensive before and after gallery showcasing real patient results from Dr. Hankins and Dr. Sohn. All photos are used with patient consent and represent actual outcomes achieved at our practice.
Tummy Tuck Cost in Las Vegas
Transparent Pricing Information
The investment in abdominoplasty varies based on several factors. We believe in transparent pricing and provide detailed cost breakdowns during your consultation.
Factors Influencing Price
- Procedure complexity (mini vs. full vs. extended)
- Combined procedures for comprehensive results
- Geographic location and market factors
- Surgeon qualifications and reputation
- Facility accreditation and safety standards
Insurance Coverage
Abdominoplasty is typically considered a cosmetic procedure and is not covered by insurance. However, in rare cases where the procedure addresses functional issues such as severe muscle separation causing documented back pain, partial coverage may be possible. We can provide documentation for insurance review when medically indicated.
Financing Options
We understand that cosmetic surgery is a significant investment. Our practice offers:
- Flexible payment plans through CareCredit and Alphaeon Credit
- Multiple financing options with competitive rates (as low as 0% APR for qualified applicants)
- Transparent pricing with no hidden fees
- Detailed cost breakdowns during consultation
Tummy Tuck Safety and Risks
Comprehensive Risk Disclosure
Like all surgical procedures, abdominoplasty carries certain risks that patients should understand. Our commitment to safety includes detailed risk discussion and comprehensive safety protocols.
Common Side Effects (Expected)
- Temporary swelling and bruising (resolves within 2-4 weeks)
- Mild to moderate discomfort during initial recovery
- Numbness or altered sensation in treated areas (typically temporary)
- Temporary limitations in mobility and activities
Minimizing Risks
Our comprehensive safety protocols include:
- Thorough pre-operative medical evaluation
- Board-certified anesthesiologist involvement
- Detailed post-operative monitoring and care
- 24/7 access to medical team for concerns
- Strict adherence to sterile technique and infection control protocols
Potential Complications (Rare)
Serious complications from abdominoplasty are rare when performed by qualified surgeons:
- Infection
- Bleeding or hematoma formation
- Poor wound healing or scarring
- Asymmetry or contour irregularities
- Need for revision surgery
Safety Protocols
- Advanced monitoring equipment and emergency protocols
- Trained medical staff and recovery specialists
- Comprehensive infection control measures
- Regular safety audits and quality assurance reviews
Tummy Tuck Revision and Touch-Up Procedures
While most patients achieve excellent results with their initial surgery, some may benefit from revision procedures:
Reasons for Revision
- Asymmetry or contour irregularities
- Unsatisfactory scarring
- Incomplete correction of initial concerns
- Changes due to weight fluctuation or aging
- Patient desire for additional improvement
Our Revision Approach
- Comprehensive evaluation of previous surgery
- Detailed discussion of revision goals and expectations
- Customized surgical plan for optimal improvement
- Consideration of non-surgical alternatives when appropriate
- Commitment to achieving patient satisfaction
Maintaining Your Tummy Tuck Results
Long-term success depends on lifestyle choices and ongoing self-care:
Weight Management
- Maintain stable weight within 10-15 pounds of surgery weight
- Follow balanced nutrition plan with adequate protein
- Stay hydrated and limit processed foods
- Regular monitoring and adjustments as needed
Exercise and Activity
- Gradual return to regular exercise routine
- Focus on core strengthening and cardiovascular health
- Avoid extreme weight fluctuations
- Maintain active lifestyle for overall wellness
Skin Care and Scar Management
- Protect scars from sun exposure with SPF 30+ sunscreen
- Use recommended scar treatment products
- Maintain healthy skin through proper hydration and nutrition
- Consider professional treatments for scar improvement
Frequently Asked Questions
-
Where can I find tummy tuck surgery near me?
Hankins & Sohn Plastic Surgery Associates serves Las Vegas and Henderson with two convenient locations. Our board-certified plastic surgeons offer comprehensive abdominoplasty services with over 45 years of combined experience, state-of-the-art facilities, and personalized care that has earned us recognition as top plastic surgeons in Nevada.
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Can I combine any other treatments with tummy tuck surgery?
Yes, tummy tuck surgery is commonly combined with other procedures for comprehensive body contouring. Popular combinations include mommy makeover packages with breast augmentation or breast lift, liposuction for additional fat removal, and Brazilian butt lift for enhanced curves. We also offer non-surgical treatments like Botox, fillers, and laser skin resurfacing to complement your surgical results and provide complete aesthetic rejuvenation.ct
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How long do tummy tuck results last?
According to research in peer-reviewed plastic surgery journals, tummy tuck results are considered permanent when patients maintain a stable weight and healthy lifestyle. The removed skin and tightened muscles provide long-lasting improvement, though natural aging processes continue. Most patients enjoy their results for decades with proper maintenance.
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When can I return to work after tummy tuck surgery?
Most patients return to desk work within 1-2 weeks following surgery, according to American Society of Plastic Surgeons guidelines. Physical jobs requiring lifting or strenuous activity typically require 4-6 weeks of recovery. Your surgeon will provide personalized timeline recommendations based on your specific procedure and healing progress.
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Will insurance cover my tummy tuck procedure?
Abdominoplasty is typically considered a cosmetic procedure and is not covered by insurance. However, in rare cases where the procedure addresses functional issues such as severe muscle separation causing back pain, partial coverage may be possible. We recommend checking with your insurance provider and can provide documentation if medically indicated.
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What’s the difference between a tummy tuck and liposuction?
While both procedures improve abdominal appearance, they address different concerns. Liposuction removes excess fat but cannot tighten loose skin or repair separated muscles. A tummy tuck addresses all three issues – excess skin, stubborn fat, and muscle separation – making it more comprehensive for patients with significant abdominal changes from pregnancy or weight loss.
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How do I choose the right plastic surgeon for my tummy tuck?
When selecting a plastic surgeon for abdominoplasty, consider these factors:
- Board certification by the American Board of Plastic Surgery
- Fellowship training in aesthetic surgery (like Dr. Sohn)
- Years of experience performing tummy tuck procedures
- Before and after photo gallery of actual results
- Patient testimonials and satisfaction rates
- Accredited surgical facility
- Transparent pricing and comprehensive consultation process
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How much does tummy tuck surgery cost?
Every treatment plan at Hankins & Sohn Plastic Surgery Associates is tailored to suit your unique needs and goals. As a result, the cost of tummy tuck surgery will vary depending on the details of your plan. We understand that patients often compare quotes from several practices before making a decision. It’s important to ask what’s included in the estimate. The final total for a tummy tuck surgery will include a surgeon’s fee, anesthesiologist’s fee, and hospital or medical facility fee. Many practices provide only the surgeon’s fee. It is our policy to provide detailed cost information to help you make the best decision for your needs, goals, and budget. To further assist you, we offer financing options if you would prefer the option of paying for treatment in a series of installments.
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What other procedures can I combine with a tummy tuck?
Tummy tuck is commonly included in mommy makeover procedures, along with Brazilian butt lift, breast augmentation such as breast lift or breast implants, and non-surgical treatments such as Botox and fillers for a more comprehensive cosmetic rejuvenation.
About Hankins & Sohn Plastic Surgery Associates
Award-Winning Plastic Surgery Excellence in Las Vegas
Recent awards and recognition:
- Best of Las Vegas 2022 Gold – Rhinoplasty
- Best of Las Vegas 2022 Silver – Cosmetic Surgery
- Dr. Hankins has appeared as a guest expert on “The Doctors,” TLC Network, and local news. His work and patients have been featured in MAXIM and Playboy magazines.
Dr. W. Tracy Hankins, MD, FACS
- Board-certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery
- Fellow of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons
- Over 25 years of plastic surgery experience
- Medical degree from Indiana University School of Medicine (Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Society, 1994)
- General Surgery residency at Blodgett Memorial Medical Center
- Plastic Surgery residency at Grand Rapids Area Medical Education Consortium (GRAMEC), 1999
- Associate Clinical Professor of Plastic Surgery at Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine
- Distinguished Member of numerous professional organizations
- Regular lecturer on advanced surgical techniques and technologies
Dr. Samuel M. Sohn, MD
- Board-certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery
- Fellowship-trained in aesthetic plastic surgery
- Medical degree from Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, 2001
- General Surgery residency at Spectrum Health
- Plastic Surgery residency at Grand Rapids Area Medical Education Consortium (GRAMEC)
- Aesthetic Surgery Fellowship for advanced cosmetic techniques
- Published researcher in peer-reviewed plastic surgery journals
- Active member of American Society of Plastic Surgeons
- Continuing education in advanced body contouring techniques
Professional Affiliations
- American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)
- American Board of Plastic Surgery
- Nevada State Medical Association
- Clark County Medical Society
Contact Information
Office Hours:
Monday – Friday: 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM
Saturday: Closed
Sunday: Closed
Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Individual results may vary. All surgical procedures carry risks. Consult with a board-certified plastic surgeon to determine if tummy tuck surgery is appropriate for your individual needs.
Editorial Review: This content has been medically reviewed by Dr. W. Tracy Hankins, MD, FACS, and Dr. Samuel M. Sohn, MD, board-certified plastic surgeons with the American Board of Plastic Surgery.
Privacy Policy: We are committed to protecting your privacy and maintaining HIPAA compliance in all patient interactions.
1 Swanson E. Prospective outcome study of 360 patients treated with liposuction, lipoabdominoplasty, and abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012 Apr;129(4):965-978. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318244237f. PMID: 22183499. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22183499/. Accessed September 18, 2025.
2 American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Who is a candidate for tummy tuck surgery? Available: https://www.plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/tummy-tuck/candidates. Accessed September 18, 2025.
3 Palao R, Gallego-Escuredo JM, Bohbot S. Postabdominoplasty Scar Improvement after a Single Session with an Automated 1210-nm Laser. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2023 Mar 10;11(3):e4866. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000004866. PMID: 36910728; PMCID: PMC10005831. Available: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10005831/. Accessed September 18, 2025.
4 American Society of Plastic Surgeons. What results should I expect after a tummy tuck? Available: https://www.plasticsurgery.org/cosmetic-procedures/tummy-tuck/results. Accessed September 18, 2025.
5 Swanson E. Prospective outcome study of 360 patients treated with liposuction, lipoabdominoplasty, and abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012 Apr;129(4):965-978. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318244237f. PMID: 22183499. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22183499/. Accessed September 18, 2025.
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This content has either been authored or reviewed and approved by the doctors at Hankins & Sohn Plastic Surgery Associates.